Page 301 - New Medley 5 Semester 1

Phosphorus is also important for the development and growth of teeth and
bones. It is found in foods like milk and milk products, egg yolk, fish, meat,
whole grains, nuts, etc.

Iron forms an essential part of blood pigment called haemoglobin, which carries
oxygen to all the body cells. Deficiency of iron causes anaemia. It is found in
foods like green leafy vegetables, dry dates, meat and beetroot.

Sodium and potassium are essential for maintaining the balance of water in
our body and proper functioning of muscles and nerves. Sodium is the main

content of common salt. Both of them are also found in foods like cereals, pulses,
vegetables and fruits.

Excess of sodium in our body also creates an imbalance of water.

Diseases Caused Due to Over-nutrition
Excess or overeating of a particular nutrient may also cause a disease. For

example, obesity is a result of overeating of carbohydrates and fats. The unused
part of carbohydrates and fats is stored in the form of fats under the skin. This
fat makes us obese. This disease can be cured by eating a balanced diet with
extra roughage, correcting wrong food habits and doing regular exercise.

Some Wrong Food Habits
 Some people take too much of common salt
in their diet. This may lead to high blood

pressure or even obesity.
 Excessive intake of fat-soluble vitamins (A,

D, E and K) in the form of pills can lead to
hypervitaminosis. It can be very harmful.
It affects liver and kidneys.

 Excessive consumption of fried and fatty foods leads to obesity.
2 • Remembering

Fill in the blanks.

1. Germs do not cause diseases.
2. Deficiency of vitamin A leads to .

3. is a rich source of calcium.
4. Excess of creates an imbalance of water in the body.

5. Anaemia is caused by the of iron.

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