Page 299 - New Medley 5 Semester 1

Vaccination Chart

Name of the Age at which it
vaccine is given

BCG and OPV At birth
DPT and OPV 6 weeks
DPT and OPV 10 weeks

DPT and OPV 14 weeks
Measles vaccine, 9 months Abbreviations
DPT and OPV BCG = Bacillus Calmette-Guerin
(Booster dose), 18 months DPT = Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus
MMR OPV = Oral Polio Vaccine
DT vaccine 5 years DT = Diphtheria and Tetanus
Tetanus toxoid 10–16 years MMR = Measles, Mumps and Rubella

1 • Remembering

Fill in the blanks.

1. Polio is caused by a .
2. food and water can cause dysentery.

3. Water should not be allowed to collect and around the house.
4. OPV is given for .

Non-communicable or Non-infectious Diseases

Diseases which do not spread from one person to other are called non-communicable

diseases. These diseases are caused either by the deficiency of a nutrient in the
body, over-nutrition or due to lack of physical activity. These diseases are not

caused by germs. A non-communicable disease may also be caused due to poor
functioning of a part of the body.

Diseases Caused Due to Deficiency of Nutrients

Some diseases are caused due to the deficiency or lack of a particular nutrient
in the body. This happens when we do not eat a balanced diet.

The diseases caused by the deficiency of some important nutrients are as follows:

Vitamin A deficiency can lead to dry eyes, night blindness and ulcers in eyes.

This vitamin is found in green leafy vegetables, tomato, papaya, mango, milk,
butter, fish and egg yolk. Our daily diet should have at least one or two of these
food items.

297