Page 233 - New Medley 4 Semester 2 PDF (Merged)

MATTER

Anything that takes up space and has weight is called matter. Everything around

us is made up of matter. The Earth, water, air, animals, plants, food we eat, roads,

cars, buses, etc., all are made up of matter.
Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms. In some matter like

gold, platinum and carbon, these atoms are able to exist alone. This means

they need not combine with any other atom to exist alone. But there
are some other atoms which are very active and do not stay alone. Such
atoms combine with other atoms of the same or different kinds to form a molecule.

Molecules of hydrogen, oxygen and chlorine gases are made up of the same

type of atoms whereas the molecule of water is made up of two different types
of atoms. It is formed by the combination of 2 atoms of hydrogen and 1 atom

of oxygen.

H H Cl Cl O O H O H H Cl

Molecules of same atoms Molecules of different atoms

States of matter

Matter exists in three states. These states are solid, liquid
and gas.

Solid

In solid state, matter has a definite shape and it occupies

a definite amount of space. In this state, the molecules of
matter lie very close to each other. Spoon, book, duster, Molecules in solid state
are tightly packed
pencil, blackboard, table, etc., are some solids.

Activity S E L Self-Management • Analysing/Hands-on Learning

Take a pencil and an eraser. Touch and feel
them. What do they feel like?
Now, put each of them in two different glasses.
Do you see any change in their shape or size?

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